![]() On January 12, 1975, the group arrived at First Presbyterian only to find out that the service had been cancelled for the Super Bowl, this led the group to form The Vine Christian Community Church. Members of the Light Brigade, while affiliated with First Presbyterian, caused friction within its establishment by bringing in anyone who was willing to come with them, including members of different social classes and racial groups, a practice which was not engaged in at that time. The Light Brigade began living communally and opened a restaurant called "The Yellow Deli" while its members were attending several churches, before they decided to join the First Presbyterian Church. The ministry operated out of a small coffee shop called "The Lighthouse" in the home of Gene Spriggs and his wife Marsha. The origins of the Twelve Tribes movement can be traced back to a ministry for teenagers which was called the "Light Brigade" in 1972. Some governments and advocacy groups have labeled the group a cult. They have been criticised for their beliefs and practices, including for their supremacist views towards black and Jewish people outside of their membership. The group has ignited controversy and garnered unfavorable attention regarding their child labor practices and accusations of abuse. The group supports itself through the operation of several businesses, most of which revolve around agriculture, as well as cafes and restaurants. The group has strict courtship rules, and their views on child rearing has been a source of controversy. The Twelve Tribes's beliefs resemble those of Christian fundamentalism, the Hebrew Roots movement, Messianic Judaism and the Sacred Name Movement however, the group believes that all other denominations are fallen, and it therefore refuses to align itself with any denomination or movement. As their relationship with the Chattanooga community deteriorated, the group eventually left Tennessee and moved primarily to Vermont. In the late seventies, the group began a community in Island Pond, Vermont. The group's origins in Chattanooga led to planted churches in surrounding areas. The group calls itself an attempt to recreate the 1st-century church as it is described in the Book of Acts the name "Twelve Tribes" is also derived from a quote of the Apostle Paul in Acts 26:7. ![]() The Twelve Tribes, formerly known as the Vine Christian Community Church, the Northeast Kingdom Community Church, the Messianic Communities, and the Community Apostolic Order is a cult founded by Gene Spriggs that sprang out of the Jesus movement in 1972 in Chattanooga, Tennessee. ![]() North America, South America, Western Europe, Australia
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